As the world’s largest producer of milk and 1/3-biggest producer of eggs, India’s animal husbandry and dairying sectors have advanced via leaps and boundaries. India’s cattle and dairying enterprise elevated at finance + write for us a Compound Annual growth charge (CAGR) of about 8% from 2014 to 2022 and could preserve to feed about 2 hundred million Indians. because the start of civilization, agriculture and animal husbandry have persisted to be integral factors of human life. these efforts have contributed to the food basket and draught animal power and the maintenance of ecological equilibrium.
according to the 20th cattle Census, there are around 303.seventy six million bovines (farm animals, buffalo, Mithun, and yak), seventy four.26 million sheep, 148.88 million goats, nine.06 million pigs, and about 851.81 million hen within the country. In India, livestock constitute an quintessential element of agriculture and contribute in lots of approaches to the expansion and development of the industry.
livestock improves food and dietary security by way of offering nutrient-rich meals products, generates earnings and employment, acts as a buffer against crop failure, presents draught strength and manure inputs to the Leadership Skills crop subsector, and contributes to foreign exchange via exports. India has one of the world’s most big farm animals populations. Proactive government measures and an growing emphasis on ease of doing business have regularly cleared the floor for more innovation and personal-sector investment.
moreover, the animal husbandry zone obtained an nearly forty% enhance in the Union budget 2023-24 announced by means of Finance Minister Ms. Nirmala Sitharaman on February 1, 2023. The branch of Animal Husbandry and Dairying received an allocation folks$ 527.fifty three million (Rs. four,327.85 crore), up from US$ 378. 50 million (Rs. 3,105.17 crore) within the revised projections for 2022-23.
Animal Husbandry in India
Animal husbandry refers to livestock farming and selective breeding. it’s miles the management and care of animals wherein their genetic traits and behaviours are developed for income. In different words, it is a department of agriculture worried with the rearing, breeding, and elevating of animals to provide meat, fibre, eggs, milk, and different meals items. Animal husbandry is a first-rate source of earnings for lots farmers.
Animal husbandry and dairying sectors have played a sizable socioeconomic position in India on account of the united states of america’s favourable terrain and surroundings. conventional, cultural, and religious beliefs have all helped to keep those practices going. additionally they serve an important position in growing gainful employment within the rural sector, significantly among landless, small, and marginal farmers, and ladies, in addition to imparting less expensive and nutritious food to hundreds of thousands of humans. India has a superb supply of farm animals and fowl, which play an important position in improving the socioeconomic conditions of the agricultural populace.
India is the arena’s biggest manufacturer of milk and buffalo meat, the second one-largest manufacturer of goat meat, the 1/3-largest producer of eggs, and the 8th-biggest manufacturer of meat.
kinds
Dairy Farming
Dairy farming is an agricultural approach concerned with the lengthy-time period production of milk, that is then processed to supply dairy merchandise which include curd, cheese, yoghurt, butter, cream, and so forth. It entails the manipulate of dairy animals inclusive of cows, buffaloes, sheep, and goats, amongst others. The animals are protected from ailments and are frequently examined with the aid of veterinarians. A healthful animal is sound socially, psychologically, and physiologically. these animals are milked either by way of hand or by way of system. Milk is preserved and industrially processed into dairy products, which might be then used commercially. Dairy is the unmarried biggest agricultural commodity, accounting for five% of the countrywide economic system and immediately employing greater than eight crore farmers. India is the sector’s main producer of milk, accounting for 23% of worldwide output. Milk output has climbed by fifty one.05% in the ultimate eight years, rising from 146.three million tonnes in 2014-15 to 221.06 million tonnes in 2021-22. Milk output has elevated at an annual charge of 6.four% during the last 8 years, whereas worldwide milk manufacturing has extended at a fee of one.two% per yr. Milk availability according to capita is 444 grammes consistent with day in 2021-22, compared to the sector average of 394 grammes per day in 2021.
chicken Farming
chicken farming is concerned with the growing and breeding of birds for business functions. Domesticated birds encompass geese, chickens, geese, pigeons, turkeys, and others for eggs and meat. it is crucial to take care of the animals and keep them in a disease-free surroundings so one can gather excellent meals from them. each meat and eggs are extremely good assets of protein. fowl farming employs a large range of human beings and helps farmers improve their incomes. India ranks 0.33 in egg production and eighth in meat output inside the international. The u . s . a .’s egg production has climbed from 78.48 billion in 2014-15 to 129.60 billion Nos. in 2021-22. Egg production within the united states of america is growing at a tempo of 8% each 12 months. In 2021-22, the in keeping with capita availability of eggs can be ninety five eggs in line with year. Meat production in the country has climbed from 6.sixty nine million tonnes in 2014-15 to nine.29 million tonnes in 2021-22.
Fish Farming
Fish farming or pisciculture is the system of rearing fish in managed tanks or ponds for monetary motives. demand for fish and fish protein is developing. Fish species which include salmon, catfish, cod and tilapia. There are 2 types of fish farming:
1-big aquaculture based totally on local photosynthetic output.
two-severe aquaculture, which relies on fish being fed outside meals sources.
Bee Farming
Bee farming, additionally known as apiculture, is the exercise of keeping bee colonies in guy-made hives via people. Honeybees are raised on a massive scale. Bees are cultivated to provide honey, wax, and pollinate plant life. they’re additionally employed by using other beekeepers for comparable purposes. An apiary, often known as a bee backyard, is a facility where bees are kept.
advantages
Animal husbandry aids inside the right control of animals by means of imparting right food, safe haven, and illness prevention to home animals.
It employs a great quantity of farmers, raising their general of residing.
It contributes to the improvement of high-yielding animal breeds through crossbreeding. This complements the manufacturing of a dissimilation of meals products such as milk, eggs, meat, and so on.
It encourages the ideal disposal of animal waste and promotes a healthful surroundings.
modern-day traits in Animal Agriculture
livestock fitness control
To discover infections early on, farmers continually reveal the health in their farm animals. they’re able to improve the likelihood of a a hit outcome thru this. To help with this, startups and scaleups are growing generation that simplifies sickness diagnosis and treatment. Such solutions useful resource farmers in regulating nutrients and milking their cows. furthermore, detection answers like estrus, lameness, and face detection improve illness diagnostics performance. portable polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kits safeguard the health of animals with the aid of allowing on-call for checking out.
Farm Automation
significant issues like the rising food demand and the labour crisis are addressed by automatic farming, which also will increase animal productiveness and nicely-being. Startups are developing answers inclusive of computerized dairy installations, computerised feeds, cleaning systems, and incubators. furthermore, farmers manipulate the barn ecosystem using computerised ventilation and lighting fixtures control structures. Animal farms can improve cattle control with the aid of employing robotics. Milking and pusher robots, as an example, speed up agricultural sports whilst casting off common bodily interventions.
synthetic talent
AI presents stepped forward insights into animal behaviours, sickness manage, and prevention. additionally, AI-powered digital twins can are expecting breeding warmness cycles and prevent awful livestock behaviour. It additionally allows farms to assemble strength-green housing homes. Farmers utilise translation algorithms to higher interpret the grunts and squeals of animals so as to ensure their properly-being. AI and machine learning (ML) are being used by startups to improve large records and analytics workflows in cattle control. Such answers collect statistics on the animal and farm tiers on the way to enhance product excellent, animal health, and control practices.
Animal Breeding technology
Farmers utilise animal breeding technology to discover the healthiest and maximum efficient animals so as to preserve a amazing herd. several strategies, together with as intercourse selection, embryo cultivation, parthenogenesis, and gene transfer, allow them to make better use in their sources. DNA marker generation improves the frequency of perfect features in destiny generations of agricultural animals. moreover, DNA profiling simplifies parentage trying out. Embryo switch and in vitro fertilisation (IVF) technology additionally boost up genetic advancement in one generation, which might in any other case take five generations with conventional breeding.
Precision cattle Farming
The critical benefit of precision farm animals farming is improved animal nicely-being whilst reducing environmental consequences. they are called complicated, man or woman, and time-variation (CIT) systems by virtue of how every species reacts to its environment. PLF monitors livestock in actual time to assist farmers recognize their situation and intervene as needed. Startups are developing technology that measure and document farm animals behaviour, weight, food and water intake, temperature, and breathing price. in addition, it allows for the identification and correction of aberrations from common techniques.
government projects
Animal Husbandry Infrastructure development Fund
The Animal Husbandry Infrastructure improvement Fund (AHIDF) was once set up as part of the Atma Nirbhar Bharat Abhiyan stimulus package with a corpus of us$ 1.82 billion (Rs. 15,000 crore). The Animal Husbandry Infrastructure development Fund (AHIDF) has been accredited to inspire investments in animal husbandry infrastructure via individual marketers, personal groups, MSME, Farmers’ manufacturers corporations (FPOs), and segment 8 corporations to establishDairy Processing and value addition: a complete of 6676 direct jobs had been created, and 1,00,000 farmers have benefited from 82 devices.
- Infrastructure for dairy processing and price-addition.
two. infrastructure for meat processing and value-delivered services.
three. Animal Feed Plant.
four. Breed development technology and Breed Multiplications Farms for farm animals, Buffalo, Sheep, Goat, Pig and technologically supported hen Farms.
Dairy Processing and cost addition: a complete of 6676 direct jobs had been created, and 1,00,000 farmers have benefited from eighty two gadgets.
Animal Feed Plant: to this point, ninety five tasks have been funded. 61.56 lakh MT according to 12 months feed production capability added to present feed production ability (livestock Feed around 15.39 lakh MT in keeping with 12 months, hen Feed round forty six.17 lakh MT consistent with 12 months).
Meat Processing and fee addition: up to now, 15 units were supported, with a capacity of 9.59 lakh MT per 12 months.
Breed development generation & Multiplication Farm: 31 devices had been supported.
Animal Waste to Wealth management: 1 challenge has acquired assist.
setting up of Veterinary Vaccine and pills production centers: 1 challenge has obtained guide.
